Recommendations To the Government of Saudi Arabia • Adopt a written penal code in compliance with international standards. • Enact new and amend existing legislation to reinforce protections against arbitrary arrest, due process, and fair trial violations. • Instruct prosecutors and judges to dismiss cases or overturn verdicts where serious due process and fair trial violations have occurred. • Set up a program affording all indigent access to a lawyer. • Outlaw the death penalty and all forms of corporal punishment in all circumstances, starting with non-serious crimes such as nonviolent drug smuggling. • Actively investigate claims of coerced drug trafficking and other exploitation. • Notify the Pakistani Embassy immediately when a Pakistani citizen is arrested or detained pending trial. • Grant Pakistani officials access to Pakistani citizens in detention. • Allow adequate time for detainees to prepare their defense, including granting adequate time to Pakistanis accused of drug trafficking to gather evidence from Pakistan indicating that they were coerced. • Improve Arabic translation services available to Pakistani detainees and ensure • Consider negotiating a prisoner transfer agreement with Pakistan in light of the high number of Pakistani citizens in Saudi detention. • Allow for the dead bodies of those executed to be returned home for burial. • Implement clear and transparent rules governing royal pardons, including an application system available to all detainees without prejudice. To the Government of Pakistan • Provide adequate consular services for Pakistani detainees in Saudi Arabia. • Help ensure that Pakistani detainees in Saudi Arabia have access to legal representation. • Investigate and prosecute all agencies and individuals involved in forcing Pakistanis traveling to Saudi Arabia as drug mules. 7 MARCH 2018