Illustrations
(a) A is accused of the murder of B by beating him. Whatever was said or done by A
or B or the bystanders at the beating, or, so shortly before or after it as to form
part of the transaction, is a relevant fact.
(b) A is accused of waging war against Pakistan by taking part in an armed
insurrection in which property is destroyed, troops are attacked, and goals are
broken open. The occurrence of these facts is relevant, as forming part of the
general transaction, though A may not have been present at all of them.
(c) A sues B for a libel contained in a letter forming part of a correspondence. Letters
between the parties relating to the subject out of which the libel arose, and forming
part of the correspondence in which it is contained, are relevant facts, though they
do not contain the libel itself.
(d) The question is, whether certain goods ordered from B were delivered to A. The
goods were delivered to several Intermediate persons successively. Each delivery is
a relevant fact.
20. Facts which are the occasion, cause or effect of facts in issue. Facts which are the
occasion, cause or effect, immediate or otherwise, of relevant facts, or facts in issue, or
which constitute the state of things under which they happened, or which afforded an
opportunity for their occurrence or transaction, are relevant.
Illustrations
(a) The question is, whether A robbed B.
The facts that, shortly before the robbery, B went to a fair with money in his possession,
and that he showed it or mentioned the fact that he had it, to third person, are relevant.
(6) The question is, whether A murdered B.
Marks on the ground, produced by a struggle at or near the place where the murder was
committed, are relevant facts.
(c) The question is, whether A poisoned B.
The state of B's health before the symptoms ascribed to poison, and habits of B, known to
A, which afforded an opportunity for the administration of poison, are relevant facts.
21. Motive, preparation and previous or subsequent conduct.__(1) Any fact is
relevant which shows or constitutes a motive or preparation for any fact in issue or relevant
fact.
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