ENDNOTES 1 BBC, Pakistan Ends Death Penalty Suspension After Seven Years, March 10, 2015, http://www.bbc.com/news/world-asia31812177. 2 Id. 3 Id. 4 Office of the High Commission for Human Rights, Pakistan: Mass Executions, Particularly of Juvenile Offenders, Serve Neither Deterrence nor Justice – Zeid, June 11, 2015, http://www.ohchr.org/EN/NewsEvents/Pages/DisplayNews.aspx?NewsID=16068&LangID=E. 5 See Tables 1 and 2 in the appendix. 6 Zahid Gishkori, 8261 prisoners: Hanging in the balance, EXPRESS TRIBUNE, December,18, 2014, http://tribune.com.pk/story/808727/6261-prisoners-hanging-in-the-balance/ 7 Id. 8 Id. 9 European Union Delegation to Pakistan, Press Release: Local Statement on the Death Penalty Following Resumption of Executions in Pakistan After Ramadan, June 29, 2015, http://eeas.europa.eu/delegations/pakistan/documents/press_corner/20150729_01_en.pdf. 10 Zahid Gishkori, UK, Germany Express Deep Concern over Restoration of Death Penalty, EXPRESS TRIBUNE, March 11, 2015, http://tribune.com.pk/story/851608/uk-germany-express-deep-concern-over-restoration-of-death-penalty. 11 The “crucial-case” method, which has been developed by qualitative social scientists (Eckstein 1975; Gerring 2007), involves the deliberate selection of particular case studies that best illustrate a particular theory or hypothesized trend, rather than randomly selecting a sample of all possible cases. 12 These records include charging reports; court transcripts; affidavits; medical records; motions, briefs, and judicial opinions; and death warrants. Figures used in this report were obtained from JPP's monitoring of Pakistan's use of the death penalty. 13 International Bar Association, The Death Penalty Under International Law (2008) http://www.ibanet.org/Human_Rights_Institute/About_the_HRI/HRI_Activities/death_penalty_resolution.aspx. 14 International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 999 U.N.T.S. 171, art. 6(2) [hereinafter ICCPR] (emphasis added). 15 Human Rights Comm., General Comment No. 6, ¶ 7, U.N. Doc. HRI/GEN/1/Rev.1 (1994). 16 NIGEL RODLEY & MATT POLLARD, The Death Penalty, in THE TREATMENT OF PRISONERS UNDER INTERNATIONAL LAW 299-300 (3d ed. 2011). 17 The UN Special Rapporteur on Extrajudicial, Summary or Arbitrary Executions set forth an even higher standard, namely that the death penalty should only be available in “cases where it can be shown that there was an intention to kill which resulted in the loss of life.” UN Doc A/HRC/4/20 (2007). A concurring opinion in the Committee's decision, Kennedy v Trinidad and Tobago (845/98), suggested “that unintentional or 'inadvertent' killing was not serious enough to attract the death penalty under article 9(2).” Comm. on Human Rights, U.N. Doc. CCPR/C/74/D/845/1998 (2002). In Concluding Observations on Kenya, the Committee “note[d] with concern that . . . the death penalty applies to crimes not having fatal or similarly grave consequences, such as robbery with violence or attempted robbery with violence, which do not qualify as 'most serious crimes' within the meaning of article 6, paragraph 2, of the Covenant.” Comm. on Human Rights, Concluding Observations of the Human Rights Comm.: Kenya U.N. Doc. CCPR/CO/83/KEN (2005). 18 Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, Death Penalty Offenses, http://hrcp-web.org/hrcpweb/death-penalty-offences (visited September 1, 2016). A “MOST SERIOUS CRIME”: PAKISTAN'S UNLAWFUL USE OF THE DEATH PENALTY 44