(b) A makes a false entry in his shop-book for the purpose of using it as corroborative
evidence In a Court of Justice. A has fabricated false evidence.
© A, with the intention of causing Z to be convicted of a criminal conspiracy, writes a .letter
in imitation of Z's handwriting, purporting to be addressed to an accomplice in such
criminal conspiracy, and puts the letter in a place which he knows that the officers of the
Police are likely to search A has fabricated false evidence.
193. Punishment for false evidence: Whoever intentionally gives false evidence in any
stage of a judicial proceeding, or fabricates false evidence for the purpose of being used
in any stage of a judicial proceeding, shall be punished with imprisonment of either
description for a term, which may extend to seven years, and shall also be liable to fine;
and whoever, intentionally gives or fabricates false evidence in any other case,
shall, be punished with imprisonment of either description" for a term which may extend to
three years, and shall also be liable to fine.
Explanation 1: A trial before a Court-martial is a judicial proceeding.
Explanation 2: An investigation directed by law preliminary to a proceeding before a Court
of Justice, is a stage of a judicial proceeding, though that investigation may not take place
before a Court of Justice.
Illustration
[Omitted by the Federal Laws (Revision and Declaration)
Ordinance, XXVII of 1981].
Explanation 3: An investigation directed by a Court of Justice according to law, and
conducted under the authority of a Court .of Justice, is a stage of a judicial
proceeding/though that investigation may not take place before a Court of Justice.
Illustration
A, in an enquiry before an officer deputed by a Court of Justice to ascertain on the spot
the boundaries of land, makes on oath a statement which he knows to be false. As this
enquiry is a stage of a judicial proceeding, A has given false evidence.
194. Giving or fabricating false evidence with intent to procure conviction of capital
offence: Whoever gives or fabricates false evidence, intending thereby to cause, or
knowing it to be likely that he will thereby cause any person to be convicted on an offence
which is capital by any law for the time being in force, shall be punished with imprisonment
for life, or with rigorous imprisonment for a term which may extend to ten years, and shall
also be liable to fine;
if innocent person be thereby convicted and executed : and if an innocent person be
convicted and executed in consequence of such false evidence the person who gives