58 Transparency International, Sri Lanka Placed 79th in Global Corruption Perception Index, (Dec. 5, 2012), http://www.transparency.org/news/pressrelease/20121205_sri_lanka_placed_79th_in_global_corruption_perception_index. The World Economic Forum ranks Pakistan 116th out of 140 countries in terms of the prevalence of bribery and irregular payments, and 90th for the specific category of bribery aimed at influencing judicial decisions. World Economic Forum, Pakistan Report, 2016 Global Competitiveness Survey, http://reports.weforum.org/global-competitiveness-report-20152016/economies/#economy=PAK. The question posed to survey respondents to measure perceptions of bribery was, “In your country, how common is it for companies to make undocumented extra payments or bribes in connection with obtaining favorable judicial decisions? [1 = very common; 7 = never occurs].” 59 Gallup, Pakistan's Troubled State, http://www.gallup.com/poll/157055/pakistan-troubled-state.aspx. 60 STABILIZING PAKISTAN, supra note , at 18. Government spending on police has been declining steadily—as a percentage of the federal budget—over the past century. In the early 1900s, 17-19 percent of the budget was spent on policing. During the 1970s and 1980s, the percentage fell to 11 percent, and it stood at 7 percent in 2014. Business Recorder, The Demise of Policing in Pakistan, Jul. 21, 2014, http://www.brecorder.com/br-research/999:all/4603:the-demise-of-policing-inpakistan/?date=2014-07-21. 61 Id. 62 STABILIZING PAKISTAN, supra note , at 27. 63 TRANSPARENCY INTERNATIONAL, GLOBAL CORRUPTION BAROMETER 2013, http://www.transparency.org/gcb2013/country/?country=pakistan. 64 See, e.g., id. at 21, 69 (July 2012); Human Rights Commission of Pakistan, Revisiting Police Laws 1 (Jan. 2011), http://www.hrcp-web.org/pdf/Revisiting%20Police%20Laws%20-%20Asad%20Jamal.pdf. 65 Hassan Abbas, Reforming Pakistan's Police and Law Enforcement Infrastructure: Is It Too Flawed to Fix?, U.S. INSTITUTE OF PEACE, at 2, 9 (Feb. 2011), http://www.usip.org/sites/default/files/SR266Reforming_Pakistan%E2%80%98s_Police_and_Law_Enforcement_Infrastructure.pdf. 66 STABILIZING PAKISTAN, supra note , at 70. 67 Id. at 37. 68 Id. at 69. 69 Hassan Abbas, Internal Security Issues in Pakistan: Prospects of Police and Law Enforcement Reform, in PAKISTAN AT THE CROSSROADS: DOMESTIC DYNAMICS AND EXTERNAL PRESSURES 146 (Christophe Jaffrelot ed., 2016). 70 INTERNATIONAL CRISIS GROUP, REFORMING PAKISTAN'S CRIMINAL JUSTICE SYSTEM, Asia Report N°196, 18 (6 Dec. 2010), http://www.crisisgroup.org/~/media/Files/asia/southasia/pakistan/196%20Reforming%20Pakistans%20Criminal%20Justice%20System.pdf [hereinafter ICG, REFORMING]. 71 Id. at 19. 72 Hassan Abbas, Internal Security Issues in Pakistan: Prospects of Police and Law Enforcement Reform, in PAKISTAN AT THE CROSSROADS: DOMESTIC DYNAMICS AND EXTERNAL PRESSURES 159 (Christophe Jaffrelot ed., 2016). 73 Blue, Hoffman & Berg, supra note , at 12. 74 Pakistan: Freedom in the World, FREEDOM HOUSE (2013), https://freedomhouse.org/report/freedom-world/2013/pakistan. 75 Our Correspondent, No Merit, Only Corruption Qualifies for a Promotion in the Judiciary, EXPRESS TRIBUNE, June 17, 2013, http://tribune.com.pk/story/563987/no-merit-only-corruption-qualifies-for-a-promotion-in-the-judiciary. 76 Corrupt Judges, NATION, Oct. 28, 2013, http://nation.com.pk/editorials/28-Oct-2013/corrupt-judges. 77 Syeda Saima Shabbir, The Failure of the Police System in Pakistan, EXPRESS TRIBUNE, July 6, 2014, http://blogs.tribune.com.pk/story/22237/the-failure-of-the-police-system-in-pakistan. 78 Ijaz Ahmad, Pakistan Criminal Law Needs Amendments: A Proposal, ASIAN HUMAN RIGHTS COMMISSION 1 (Oct 2002), http://www.humanrights.asia/resources/journals-magazines/article2/0105/pakistan-criminal-law-needs-amendments-aproposal. A “MOST SERIOUS CRIME”: PAKISTAN'S UNLAWFUL USE OF THE DEATH PENALTY 47