184. Original Jurisdiction of Supreme Court.__(1) The Supreme Court shall, to the exclusion of every
other court, have original jurisdiction in any dispute between any two or more Governments.
Explanation.—In this clause, "Governments" means the Federal Government and the Provincial
Governments.
(2) In the exercise of the jurisdiction conferred on it by clause (1), the Supreme Court shall pronounce
declaratory judgements only.
(3) Without prejudice to the provisions of Article 199, the Supreme Court shall, if it considers that a
question of public importance with reference to the enforcement of any of the Fundamental Rights conferred by
Chapter 1 of Part II is involved, have the power to make an order of the nature mentioned in the said Article.
185. Appellate jurisdiction of Supreme Court.__ (1) Subject to this Article, the Supreme Court shall
have jurisdiction to hear and determine appeals from judgements, decrees, final orders or sentences of a High
Court.
(2) An appeal shall lie to the Supreme Court from any judgement, decree, final order or sentence of a High
Court—
(a) if the High Court has on appeal reversed an order of acquittal of an accused person and sentenced
him to death or to transportation for life or imprisonment for life ; or, on revision, has enhanced a
sentence to a sentence as aforesaid; or
(b) if the High Court has withdrawn for trial before itself any case from any court subordinate to it and
has in such trial convicted the accused person and sentenced him as aforesaid ; or
(c) if the High Court has imposed any punishment on any person for contempt of the High Court; or
(d) if the amount or value of the subjectmatter of the dispute in the court of first instance was, and
also in dispute in appeal is, not less than fifty thousand rupees or such other sum as may be
specified in that behalf by Act of1[Majlise Shoora (Parliament)] and the judgment, decree or
final order appealed from has varied or set aside the judgment, decree or final order of the court
immediately below ; or
(e) if the judgment, decree or final order involves directly or indirectly some claim or question
respecting property of the like amount or value and the judgment, decree or final order appealed
from has varied or set aside the judgment, decree or final order of the court immediately below ;
or
(f) if the High Court certifies that the case involves a sub stantial question of law as to the
interpretation of the Constitution.
(3) An appeal to the Supreme Court from a judgment, decree, order or sentence of a High Court in a case
to which clause (2) does not apply shall lie only if the Supreme Court grants leave to appeal.
186. Advisory Jurisdiction.__ (1) If, at any time, the President considers that it is desirable to obtain the
opinion of the Supreme Court on any question of law which he considers of public importance, he may refer the
question to the Supreme Court for consideration.
(2) The Supreme Court shall consider a question so referred and report its opinion on the question to the
President.
1 Subs. by the Revival of the Constitution of 1973 order, 1985 (P.O. No. 14 fo 1985), Act, 2 and Sch., for "Parliament".
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